A placental surface cyst, also known as a membranous or subchorionic cyst, are cystic lesions located close to the placental cord insertion site. While some regard them to be of little clinical significance, others stress the need for clinical and sonographic follow-up, as cysts larger than 4.5 cm or more than three in number seem to have a higher frequency of intrauterine growth restriction.
On sonography, they are simple cysts without vascular flow on color Doppler. MRI may show a fluid–fluid level with marked shading of the dependent portion on T2-weighted images suggesting the presence of hemorrhagic fluid.
The image above shows a thin-walled cyst within the amniotic. The lesion has some internal debris (red arrow). The cyst is close to the umbilical cordinsertion into the placenta (blue arrows).
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