An early branching of the middle cerebral artery is a normal variant in which the middle cerebral artery bifurcates close to its origin. It should be differentiated from a duplicated middle cerebral artery, in which an extra branch of the middle cerebral artery arises from the internal carotid artery prior to its terminal bifurcation and parallels the main M1 segment.
References
Osborn AG, Chapter 7. in Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography (2nd ed). Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins (1999).
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