Pulmonary-Renal Syndromes

Pulmonary-renal syndromes are clinical syndromes defined by a combination of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (blood on serial bronchoalveolar lavage) and glomerulonephritis.

• Primary systemic vasculitis (+ANCA): Wegener granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Churg–Strauss syndrome
• Primary systemic vasculitis (-ANCA): Henoch–Schönlein purpura, mixed cryoglobulinaemia, Behçet disease, IgA nephropathy
• Goodpasture syndrome: Autoantibodies to type IV collagen in alveolar and glomerular basement membrane.
• Autoimmune: Systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, mixed collagen vascular disease
• Drug-Related: Propylthiouracil, D-penicillamine, hydralazine, allopurinol, sulfasalazine
• Thrombotic microangiopathy: Antiphospholipid syndrome, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, infection, neoplasm

References

Papiris SA, Manali ED, Kalomenidis I, Kapotsis GE, Karakatsani A, Roussos C. Bench-to-bedside review: pulmonary-renal syndromes--an update for the intensivist. Crit Care. 2007;11(3):213.